4. 核心短语(需完整记忆)
短语 含义 典型用法
by accident 偶然地 描述意外发现
by mistake 错误地 描述错误行为
without doubt 毫无疑问 加强肯定语气
all of a sudden 突然地 描述突发情况
look up to 钦佩 look up to sb. as...
not only...but also... 不但...而且... 连接并列成分
三、语法核心:被动语态(一般过去时)
四、1. 基本结构
was/were + 过去分词
2. 用法要点
· 强调承受者:The telephone was invented in 1876.
· 执行者明确加by:It was invented by Bell.
· 不知/不必提执行者:English is spoken here.
3. 句式转换模板
主动:S(主语) + V(过去式) + O(宾语)
被动:O(原宾语) + was/were + 过去分词 + by + S(原主语)
4. 特殊疑问句的被动形式
When was it invented?(何时发明)
Who was it invented by?(谁发明)
What is it used for?(用途是什么)
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四、重点句型与应答
1. 三组核心问答
1. 问时间:When was...invented? → It was invented in + 年份.
2. 问发明者:Who was...invented by? → It was invented by + 人名.
3. 问用途:What is...used for? → It's used for + V-ing/名词.
2. 扩展句型
· It is said that...(据说...)
· It is believed that...(人们相信...)
· ...take place(...发生)
五、单元写作模板
写作题目:介绍一项发明
四段式结构:
第一段:引入发明
...is one of the most important inventions.
It has changed our life greatly.
第二段:发明历史
It was invented in (年份) by (人名).
At that time, people used to...
第三段:功能用途
It is mainly used for...
It can also be used to...
第四段:意义总结
Without doubt, this invention...
We should look up to the inventor.
必背金句:
1. The...was invented by accident/by mistake.
2. It is said that the inventor got the idea when...
3. Not only is it useful, but it is also cheap.
六、易错警示
1. 动词形式错误
✅ invented(正确过去分词)
· ❌ inventeded(错误形式)
2. be动词混淆
· 单数:was invented
· 复数:were invented
3. 介词误用
· ✅ by + 人(执行者)
· ✅ for + 用途
· ❌ from + 人(错误)
4. 主动被动混淆
· ❌ Bell invented the telephone in 1876.(主动,强调Bell)
· ✅ The telephone was invented in 1876.(被动,强调telephone)
七、高效复习法
1. 单词记忆:分类卡片法
制作三色卡片:
· 红色:名词(发明物品)
· 蓝色:动词(动作描述)
· 绿色:短语(固定搭配)
2. 语法练习:三步法
1. 找主语(承受者)
2. 变分词(动词→过去分词)
3. 加was/were(单复数判断)
3. 口语训练:问答接龙
A: When was...invented?
B: It was invented in...
A: Who was it invented by?
B: It was invented by...
A: What is it used for?
B: It's used for...