人教版英语新教材八年级英语下册 Unit 5 Nature’s Temper

一、核心词汇梳理

本单元词汇围绕“自然灾害”和“叙述灾害经历”两大核心场景展开，需重点掌握词性、含义及用法，注意动词搭配的拼写和运用。

1. 灾害名称: earthquake; typhoon; wildfire; snowstorm; flood; drought; tsunami; landslide

2. 动词(搭配): warn; interview; happen (earthquake); hide; report; beat; refuse; sweep through (tsunami); put out (fire); review

3. 复合词: snowstorm; floodwater; safeguard; manpower; heartbeat

4. 描述性词汇: awful; educational; calm; dangerous; safe; strange; thick; terribly; unlucky

5. 其他核心词汇: possibly; neighbourhood; nearly; relative; guard; knowledge; volunteer

二、重点短语必背

短语是单元句型的核心组成部分，需结合场景记忆，做到“会用、会拼”。

-do chores

- make preparations

-except for

- as soon as

- wake up

- go off

- all of a sudden

- by the time

三、必备句型精讲

本单元句型围绕“谈论自然灾害; 叙述灾害经历; 在恶劣天气和自然灾害中保持安全、进行准备”三大核心功能展开，需掌握句型结构、问答逻辑及替换用法。

1. 询问与描述灾害经历（核心句型）

- 句型结构: ①询问: What were you doing when/while/at the time of...? 回答: I was (doing)... when/while/at the time of...

- 拓展: ①询问第三人称: What was he/she doing when/while/at the time of...? 回答: He/She was (doing)... when/while/at the time of...

2. 询问灾害影响与准备（核心句型）

- 句型结构: ①询问: Did you have any trouble during...? 回答: Yes, it was awful, I...../No, not really. When the......, I.......

     ②询问: Did you make any preparations before...? 回答: Yes, we...../No, we....

3.描述灾害（补充句型）

- 句型结构: There are very strong winds and heavy rain during a typhoon./Typhoons cause tsunamis to happen in some places.

四、单元语法详解

本单元语法重点为“过去进行时was/were + doing”和“When和While的用法”，需理解语法规则并能灵活运用到句型和写作中。

1. 过去进行时was/were + doing（核心语法）

- 定义：描述过去某个特定时刻或另一动作发生时正在进行的背景动作。

- 核心用法：①用于表述过去某一特定时刻正在进行的动作- 区分过去进行时和现在进行时的不同用法。 ②表述另一动作发生时正在进行的背景动作-重点突出正在进行的动作。

2. When和While用法

① when （当...时，常接瞬间动作，也可接持续性动作）

② while （当...时，常接持续性动作）引导时间状语从句。

3. 疑问词的使用复习

-What询问发生的具体事件

-Where询问事件发生的具体地点

-Who询问事件经历者/采访者

4.正确使用连词

在对人物经历的事件活动的描述中，善用before, during, after等表示时间顺序的连词。

五、单元写作指导

本单元写作任务为“因恶劣天气遭遇糟糕的一天”，要求运用过去进行时，时间状语从句和描述灾害词汇，语言简洁、逻辑清晰。

1. 写作要求

- Must include: Natural disasters; How do natural disasters affect our lives? How should we prepare for and stay safe?

- 推荐使用：本单元核心句型（What were you doing when/while/at the time of...?对应的回答结构）、重点短语（do chores; prepare lunch; take place等）。

- Word count requirement: 50-80 words, smooth sentences, no grammatical errors, reasonable paragraphs.

-巧用单元金句: Nature is both a kind mother and a cold-blooded killer.

2. 写作模板（核心框架）

While I was having breakfast with my younger sister, the sky was growing darker and darker.

Before typhoon....during earthquake........after the disaster.........

3. 写作范例

Last winter, my family had a terrifying experience. It happened one evening while we were enjoying a relaxing night at home. My parents were......when I was........

4. 写作技巧

- 用”my family had a terrifying experience”开头，明确写作内容。

- 描述灾害时，使用“before, during, after, when, while”等词，让语篇表达更自然。

- 结尾添加感受类句子升华情感，如Nature is both a kind mother and a cold-blooded killer/All of us should protect nature.