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江西省2011年普通高考(英语科)说明解析

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各位老师,大家好。
2011年江西省普通高考英语科考试说明》(以下称《说明》)终于与我们见面了。
今年的《说明》在原来的基础上有一些变化,但正如《说明》的“命题指导思想”一节中所述:“全面贯彻普通高中新课程的基本理念,充分体现教育部2003年颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》(以下简称《课程标准》)的整体要求,结合江西省普通高中教育教学实际,所以我认为,这个大纲的主导思想是以稳为主,但要有一些有利于高中英语课堂教学、有利于高中课程改革的变化,是遵循了考改是为了课改的原则,是一个好大纲。
《说明》中包含了考试性质、命题指导思想、考试内容和要求、考试形式与试卷结构以及题型示例;在附录中有2010年的试卷典型题分析、语音项目表、语法项目表、功能意念项目表、话题项目表与词汇表。这些材料在指导教学上,给了外语教师和学生在教学和学习中极大的方便:定了范围、给了示例。特别是语法和词汇项目两表的给出,就使得教师和学生在复习的时候有抓手,减轻了学生的负担。
《说明》所述2011年高考英语试卷基本与原大纲所要求一致,仍然是分为卷I和卷II二卷,总分150分,卷I部分分为听力和主观题,共115分,其中听力30分,单选15分,完形30分(以上与原来一致,没有变化)。
从阅读理解开始,开始有了变化。尽管本项总分与原来一样,还是40分,20个问题,但还是有了一些变化。主要是:阅读理解由原来的四或五篇短文规定为现在的四篇,每篇5个问题。总阅读的长度由原来的1600 words左右到现在的1200 words左右,减少了约400 words。这主要是后面的阅读表达题所要求的阅读强度增大了原因,所以减去一篇短文,让考生有充分的时间来答题,体现了一种人文关怀的精神。
阅读表达题
今年的《说明》中,将原来的“对话填空”改为了“阅读理解”,这个变化很大。这个变化是要求考生由原来的根据语境和对话内容进行单个填词改为了对文章阅读后的理解与表达。要求的强度和难度高了。原来我们在做阅读理解题时,在很多的情况下可以对文章的理解度为60%--70%时,就可以答题了。而现在由于改换成了“阅读表达”题,可能就要求考生们对文章的理解度达到120%,才能对文章进行表达与答题。确实增大了强度。但这完全是根据考改是为了课改的原则,也依据我省的教学实情和外语教学的过程和本质来设计和制定的。
我们先看山东题型对阅读表达的要求:
“要求考生阅读一篇短文,并根据所给题目要求进行作答。”题目类型主要有以下几类:
1. 同义语句替换;
2. 短文信息归纳表达;
3. 补全文章中空缺的句子;
4. 概括文章大意、标题,或指出作者写作的主要意图;
5. 根据语境翻译句子。
必要时可根据文章的题材和体裁设置其他题目类型。”

再看我省自行确定的要求:
1.短文转述填空;
2.指代关系的确认;
3.短文信息归纳表达;
4.补全文章中空缺的句子;
5.概括文章大意、标题、或指出作者写作的主要意图;
6.必要时可根据文章的题材和体裁设置其他题目类型。

这两个阅读表达中有二条是不一样的:
第一是我省没有翻译题,而是用“指代关系的确认”来替换;
第二是我省将“同义语句替换”改为了我省的“短文转述填空”。
其余虽文字表达不一样,但大体意思是相同的。
这样改动的原因是:
1. 翻译项取消的原因是课程标准和国家考试大纲中都没有将翻译作为中学教学和考查的任务;
2. 采用“短文转述空”而不用“同义语句替换”则是有以下的理由:
我们的学生从初一年级(有相当部分学生从小学一年级或三年级)开始,就在教室里听老师用英语讲课,老师进行paraphrase,一直到高中三年级,学了六年,怎么说都有对任何事情进行表达能力的。但是,由于对这个项目没有测试的要求,所以学生们在用英语进行表述方面还是有所欠缺的:表述不够严谨、表述不够准确、表述不够简练。现在把这个内容放进行了考试中,而且还是高考,其重要性就不言而喻了。相信这一改变会对外语教学,特别是初三和高三复习阶段的外语教学的现状(当然主要是指用英语进行讲授和用汉语讲授的比例)会有很大的改善。
所以说,本次高考试卷英语卷的变化是根据我省外语教学实情确定的,是有利于我省外语教学水平和效益提高的,是我省考试院的专家和领导精心设计的东东。
考虑到我省第一次使用这个题型,老师们手头上的参考资料很少,我试着做了几个阅读表达题,挂在网上。
要注意的是,第一篇是我省考试说明中附的题例,后面5篇是我根据山东省所用的试卷进行改编的,里面有有对此题改编的过程和对比。主要是方便老师们在对本顶进行制作和设计时,有一个参考作用。原来想做10篇的,后一想,有5篇也够了。
当然,以上只是我对这个题型变化的一些粗浅理解,仅供大家参考。

阅读下面短文并回答问题,然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的字数要求)。
[1]One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.
[2]Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other's company.
[3]During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children's school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.
[4]However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. ____________________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.
山东题
76. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________
77. Which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one?
By having dinner together family members can have free exchange of information and develop closer ties among them.
_________________________________________________________________
78. Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 8 words)
_________________________________________________________________
79. What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner? (no more than 12 words)
_________________________________________________________________
80. Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
______________________________________________________________

江西题
1.
What is the main idea of the text?(no more than 8 words)
2.
Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4words).
By having dinner together family members can _____ and develop closer the among them.
3.
Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words (no more than 8 words).
4.
What information can parents probably get about their children at family dinner?(no more than 12 words)
5.
What does the word “it” (line 2, paragraph 1) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
答案:
1. Families benefit from eating together. /Having dinner together is beneficial to families.
2. achieve open communication
3. No family dinners can benefit,/ Family dinner may not benefit.
4. Their children’s school performance, daily activities and attitudes towards life.
5. Family dinner.

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